Neurology is the medical specialty dealing with with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories disorders of the nervous system. Neurology. (The word comes from the Greek νεῦρον, neuron)
Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. and autonomic nervous systems , including their coverings, blood vessels, and all effector tissue, such as muscleIn other words, the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscles. A neurological disorder is any disorder of the body's nervous system. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms.
These disorders include
- Epilepsy
- Alzheimer disease and other dementias
- Cerebrovascular diseases including stroke, migraine and other headache disorders
- Multiple sclerosis
- Parkinson's disease
- Neuroinfections
- Brain tumours
- Neurological injuries
- Nutritional deficiencies and neuropathies
Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by neurological disorders: For example, 50 million people have epilepsy; 62 million are affected by cerebrovascular disease; 326 million people suffer from migraine; 24 million are affected by Alzheimer disease and other dementias globally.
The World Health Organization estimated that neurological disorders and their sequelae (direct consequences) affect as many as one billion people worldwide, and identified health inequalities and social stigma/discrimination as major factors contributing to the associated disability and suffering. |
